Updated May 30, 2026, 4:23 PM
Broad-spectrum antiinfectiveUS FDA Database Verified

tigecycline (Rx)

Generic: Tigecycline

Brand: Tygacil

(tye-ge-sye'kleen)

Pregnancy Category: D

Pharmacological Action

Inhibits protein synthesis and phosphorylation in microorganisms; bacteriostatic, structurally similar to the tetracyclines

Therapeutic outcome: Resolution of infection

Uses

Complicated skin/skin structure infections: Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis (vancomycin-susceptible only), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, S. anginosus group, S. pyogenes, Bacteroides fragilis; complicated intraabdominal infections (Citrobacter freundii), Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, K. pneumoniae, E. faecalis (vancomycin-susceptible only), S. aureus (methicillin-susceptible only), S. anginosus group, B. fragilis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, B. uniformis, B. vulgatus, Clostridium perfringens, Peptostreptococcus micros, community-acquired pneumonia

Contraindications

Pregnancy D, breastfeeding, children <18 yr, hypersensitivity to tigecycline

Precautions: Renal/hepatic disease, hypersensitivity to tetracyclines, ventricular-associated hospital-acquired pneumonias

Dosage & Routes

Adult: IV 100 mg, then 50 mg q12 hr, IV INF is given over 30 min to 60 min q12 hr; given for 5-14 days depending on infection Hepatic dose (Child-Pugh C)

Adult: IV 100 mg, then 25 mg q12 hr

Available forms: Powder for inj, lyophilized 50 mg

Implementation - Tigecycline allergy test before using, obtain C&S, do not begin treatment before results Intermittent IV infusion route - Reconstitute each vial with 5.3 ml of 0.9% NaCl, or D5 W (10 mg/ml); swirl to dissolve; immediately withdraw 5 ml of the reconstituted sol and add to a 100-ml IV bag for inf (1 mg/ml); may be yellow or orange, if not, sol should be discarded; do not give if particulate matter is present, use a dedicated IV line or Y-site, flush with NS before and after use, give over ½ hr - Store in tight, light-resistant container at room temperature, diluted sol at room temp for up to 24 hr, 6 hr in vial, and remaining time in IV bag, 48 hr refrigerated

Y-site compatibilities: Acyclovir, alfentanil, allopurinol, amifostine, amikacin, aminocaproic acid, aminophylline, amphotericin B liposome, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, argatroban, azithromycin, aztreonam, bivalirudin, bumetanide, buprenorphine, butorphanol, calcium chloride/gluconate, CARBOplatin, carmustine, caspofungin, ceFAZolin, cefepime, cefotaxime, cefoTEtan, cefOXitin, cefTAZidime, ceftizoxime, cefTRIAXone, cefuroxime, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, cisatracurium, CISplatin, clindamycin, cyclophosphamide, cycloSPORINE, cytarabine, dacarbazine, DACTINomycin, DAPTOmycin, DAUNOrubicin hydrochloride, dexamethasone, dexmedetomidine, dexrazoxane, digoxin, diltiazem, diphenhydrAMINE, DOBUTamine, DOCEtaxel, dolasetron, DOPamine, doripenem, DOXOrubicin hydrochloride, DOXOrubicin liposome, droperidol, enalaprilat, EPINEPHrine, eptifibatide, ertapenem, erythromycin, esmolol, etoposide, etoposide phosphate, famotidine, fenoldopam, fentaNYL, fluconazole, fludarabine, fluorouracil, foscarnet, fosphenytoin, furosemide, ganciclovir, gemcitabine, gentamicin, glycopyrrolate, granisetron, haloperidol, heparin, hydrocortisone, HYDROmorphone, ifosfamide, imipenem/cilastatin, insulin, irinotecan, isoproterenol, ketorolac, labetalol, lansoprazole, lepirudin, leucovorin, levofloxacin, lidocaine, linezolid, LORazepam, magnesium sulfate, mannitol, mechlorethamine, melphalan, meperidine, meropenem, mesna, methohexital, methotrexate, methyldopa, metoclopramide, metoprolol, metroNIDAZOLE, midazolam, milrinone, mitoMYcin, mitoXANtrone, morphine, moxifloxacin, mycophenolate, nafcillin, nalbuphine, naloxone, nesiritide, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, norepinephrine, octreotide, ondansetron, oxaliplatin, oxytocin, PACLitaxel, palonosetron, pamidronate, pancuronium, pantoprazole, PEMEtrexed, pentamidine, pentazocine, PENTobarbital, PHENobarbital, phenylephrine, piperacillin/tazobactam, potassium acetate/chloride/phosphate, procainamide, prochlorperazine, promethazine, propofol, propranolol, ranitidine, remifentanil, rocuronium, sodium acetate/bicarbonate/phosphate, streptozocin, succinylcholine, SUFentanil, tacrolimus, teniposide, theophylline, thiopental, thiotepa, ticarcillin/clavulanate, tirofiban, tobramycin, topotecan, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin, vasopressin, vecuronium, vinBLAStine, vinCRIStine, vinorelbine, zidovudine, zoledronic acid Y-site incompatibilities: Amiodarone, amphotericin B colloidal, bleomycin, chloramphenicol, chlorproMAZINE, dantrolene, DAUNOrubicin liposome, diazepam, epirubicin, hydrALAZINE, IDArubicin, niCARdipine, phenytoin, quinapristin/dalfopristin, verapamil

Adverse Effects

CNS: Headache, dizziness, insomnia

CV: Hypo/hypertension, phlebitis

EENT: Tooth discoloration

GI: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, constipation, dyspepsia, hepatotoxicity, hepatic failure, pseudomembranous colitis

HEMA: Anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia

INTEG: Rash, pruritus, sweating, photosensitivity

META: Increased ALT, AST, BUN, lactic acid, alkaline phosphatase, amylase, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hypoproteinemia, bilirubinemia

MISC: Back pain, fever, abnormal healing, abdominal pain, abscess, asthenia, infection, pain, peripheral edema, local reactions

RESP: Cough, dyspnea

SYST: Anaphylaxis

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Unknown

Distribution: Protein binding 71%-89%

Metabolism: Not extensively

Excretion: 22% unchanged, urine; primarily biliarily excreted

Half-life: Terminal 42 hr

Pharmacodynamics

Unknown

Interactions

Individual drugs

Warfarin: increased effect of tigecycline

Drug classifications Oral contraceptives: decreased effect of tigecycline

Drug/lab test

Increased: amylase, LFTs, alk phos, BUN, creatinine, LDH, WBC, INR, PTT, PT

Decreased: potassium, calcium, sodium, Hgb/Hct, platelets

Nursing Considerations

Assessment - Pseudomembranous colitis: assess for diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, fatigue, anorexia; possible anemia, elevated WBC, low serum albumin; stop product and usually give either vancomycin or IV metroNIDAZOLE - Assess for signs of anemia: Hct, Hgb, fatigue - Monitor blood tests: PT, CBC, AST, ALT, BUN creatinine - Assess for allergic reactions: rash, itching, pruritus, angioedema - Serious allergic skin reactions: assess for Stevens-Johnson syndrome, anaphylaxis - Assess for nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; administer antiemetic, antacids as ordered - Assess for overgrowth of infection: fever, malaise, redness, pain, swelling, drainage, perineal itching, diarrhea, changes in cough or sputum -

Toxicity: assess for pseudotumor cerebri, photosensitivity, anti-anabolic actions (azotemia, BUN, hypophosphatemia, metabolic acidosis): tigecycline is structurally similar to tetracycline - Assess for pancreatitis, hyperamylasemia: may be fatal; if these occur, discontinue; improvement usually occurs after product is discontinued

Patient/family education - Teach patient to avoid sun exposure; sunscreen does not seem to decrease photosensitivity - Teach patient to avoid pregnancy while taking this product; fetal harm may occur; to avoid breastfeeding - Teach patient to report burning, pain at inj site

Evaluation

Positive therapeutic outcome: Decreased temp, absence of lesions, negative C&S

Reference

Mosby's Drug Guide; Davis Drug Guide

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